Everything in this chapter runs on one word. The sin offerings it prescribes — graded by the offender, from the anointed priest down to an ordinary person — apply only to sin committed bishgagah, by mistake. Numbers 15:30 states the exclusion outright: whoever acts with a high hand is cut off, and no offering is provided. The grading is worth watching, because it runs the opposite way from Hammurabi. There, the penalty falls with the victim’s social rank; here, the price rises with the offender’s. The priest pays a bull. And there is a live argument, set out below, about whether the offering in this chapter is cleaning the sinner at all — the blood never touches the person, only the furniture.