The food laws, and they are stated as a test rather than a list: a land animal must both part the hoof and chew the cud, and water creatures must have fins and scales. The chapter then works through the near-misses by name — the camel, the coney and the hare chew but do not part; the pig parts but does not chew. It gives the pig one verse and the same formula as the others; its later status as the forbidden food comes from the Maccabean crisis, not from here. And the chapter offers no reason for any of it except the one at the end: be holy, for I am holy. The archaeology is unusually good and unusually awkward — pig bones are absent from Iron Age highland sites and abundant at Philistine cities, but they also turn up in the northern Kingdom of Israel and not in Judah.