Genesis 30
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The Birth of the Twelve Sons

Eleven of Jacob’s twelve sons are born in this one chapter, and a daughter. Rachel is barren and Leah is not; both give their maids to Jacob as surrogates; the two sisters negotiate over mandrakes. Each birth comes with the mother’s naming speech, encoding her theology, her pain or her hope. It is the most compressed genealogical narrative in Genesis — a childbirth competition that produces a nation.

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Scripture text: KJV (1611) · WEB (2020) · ASV (1901) · YLT (1862) — public domain in the United States.

Archaeology summaries written from cited sources. See About & Method.

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